Gallons

Volume of Cylinder Gallons

Turn tank or container dimensions into gallons in one tap — with a clear US vs Imperial gallon choice so you never mix the two up.

Working in gallons is second nature for tanks, pools and fuel, and this volume of cylinder gallons is built around that. Put in the dimensions, and it returns US gallons, Imperial gallons and litres together so you can hand the number to anyone.

Capacity questions almost always end in gallons — filling a stock trough, ordering heating oil, dosing a pool. The catch is that a gallon is not one fixed thing, so the same tank can be 200 gallons or 240 gallons depending on which side of the Atlantic you are standing on.

The formula behind it

The volume of a cylinder is:

V = π r² h

A worked example

Worked example. Take a cylinder with a diameter of 18 in (so a radius of 9 in) and a height of 24 in. The base area is π × 9² = 254.47 in², and multiplying by the height gives a volume of about 26.4 US gallons (6,107 in³ · 100.1 litres).

UnitEqual to
1 US gallon231 in³ · 3.785 L
1 Imperial gallon277.42 in³ · 4.546 L
1 cubic foot7.481 US gal · 28.32 L
1 litre0.264 US gal · 0.220 Imp gal
1 US gallon128 US fl oz

These are geometric gallons from the dimensions you enter. A real tank holds slightly less once wall thickness, fittings and headspace are taken into account — and always confirm whether you need US or Imperial gallons.

Conversions use standard factors: 1 US gallon = 231 in³, 1 Imperial gallon = 4.54609 L, 1 litre = 1000 cm³.

How the calculation works

  1. Measure across the circular end — the diameter or radius.
  2. If you measured the diameter, halve it to get the radius r.
  3. Square the radius and multiply by π to get the base area.
  4. Multiply the base area by the height h: V = π r² h.
  5. Convert the result into your preferred unit above.

Getting an accurate measurement

Measure the inside diameter of a tank, not the outside — the wall does not hold liquid. Keep every measurement in the same system, and let the tool convert between units for you.

Once the result is in

The figure above is usually the start, not the finish. These are the questions that tend to come next, answered here so you do not have to run another search:

How much does a full tank weigh?

Water is about 8.34 lb per US gallon, or 1 kg per litre. Tick estimate weight, choose water, and the calculator multiplies the volume by density to show the load a full tank puts on its stand or floor.

How do I read a tank that is only part full?

For an upright tank, enter the current liquid height instead of the full height. For a tank lying on its side, use the horizontal-tank mode, which turns a dip depth into gallons using the correct segment maths.

Is the answer US or Imperial?

Both are shown at once. In the United States use US gallons; most other English-speaking countries use the larger Imperial gallon. Mixing the two is the single most common tank-sizing error.

How many litres is that in metric?

Every gallons result on this page is shown next to its litre value in the breakdown, because 1 US gallon is about 3.785 litres and 1 Imperial gallon is about 4.546 litres. You can hand the same figure to anyone regardless of which system they use.

Where people go wrong

Watch three things with gallons: which gallon you actually mean, inside versus outside dimensions, and whether the tank is truly full to the top when you picture it. Each one on its own can throw a delivery out by a noticeable margin.

Reading and converting your result

Showing every unit at once is about speed and safety: you see the answer in litres, gallons and cubic feet side by side, so there is no chance of applying the wrong conversion factor. Change the output unit at the top to make any of them the headline figure, switch the precision to exact if you want the value in terms of pi, and use copy-result to paste a tidy summary wherever you need it.

Keep going

Once you have your answer you may also want to work in tank capacity litres & liters cubic feet. These related calculators pick up where this one leaves off:

Where people use this

People reach for this in a range of situations:

  • Sizing a water storage or rainwater tank
  • Working out fuel or oil drum capacity
  • Estimating how many gallons a pool or trough holds
  • Checking a well or cistern volume

To sum up, the whole job is two measurements and one formula. Enter them above, pick your unit, and you have an accurate figure plus every equivalent unit beside it. Keep a copy with the copy-result button, save the shareable link if someone else needs the same numbers, and use the history panel to compare a few options without starting from scratch.

Good to know

Do I use radius or diameter?
Either — just tell the calculator which you are entering. The radius is from the centre to the edge; the diameter is the full width across. The tool converts diameter to radius automatically.
What units can I use?
Any of millimetres, centimetres, metres, inches, feet or yards for the measurements, and you can read the result in litres, gallons, cubic feet, cubic inches and more.
Is the volume of a cylinder squared or cubed?
The result is in cubic units, because volume fills three dimensions. The radius is squared inside the formula only because it forms the flat circular base; multiplying by the height adds the third dimension.
Does this work for a tank or a pipe?
Yes. A solid tank uses the standard mode; for a pipe or tube use the hollow mode, which subtracts the bore. For a tank on its side, use the horizontal mode.
How many gallons are in a cylinder?
Work out the volume with V = π r² h, then convert. One US gallon is 231 cubic inches; one Imperial gallon is about 277.42 cubic inches. The calculator does both for you.
What is the difference between US and Imperial gallons?
An Imperial gallon (about 4.546 litres) is larger than a US gallon (about 3.785 litres). Always confirm which one you need — the tool shows both so you can't mix them up.

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