Tank capacity

Volume of Cylinder Tank Calculator

Full or partial capacity for an upright cylindrical tank — read it in gallons or litres and see how much is left to fill.

This volume of cylinder tank calculator does more than a plain volume: it shows full capacity, the current liquid volume at the height you enter, and the empty space remaining, so you can see exactly where a tank stands.

A storage tank raises a slightly different question from a plain solid: you rarely want the total volume, you want how much is in it now and how much more it will take. That means working from the liquid height, not just the tank height, and keeping an eye on the headspace at the top.

The maths in one line

The volume of a cylinder is:

V = π r² h

A worked example

Worked example. Take a cylinder with a diameter of 20 cm (so a radius of 10 cm) and a height of 40 cm. The base area is π × 10² = 314.16 cm², and multiplying by the height gives a volume of about 12.57 litres (12,566 cm³ · 3.32 US gallons).

UnitEqual to
1 US gallon231 in³ · 3.785 L
1 Imperial gallon277.42 in³ · 4.546 L
1 cubic foot7.481 US gal · 28.32 L
1 litre0.264 US gal · 0.220 Imp gal
1 US gallon128 US fl oz

The figure is the geometric capacity. Usable capacity is a little lower once you allow for fittings and the headspace you leave at the top, so treat it as a close upper bound.

Conversions use standard factors: 1 US gallon = 231 in³, 1 Imperial gallon = 4.54609 L, 1 litre = 1000 cm³.

How the calculation works

  1. Measure the tank's inside diameter and halve it for the radius.
  2. Measure the current liquid height inside the tank.
  3. The tool computes V = π r² h for the liquid volume.
  4. Compare it with the full capacity to see how full the tank is.

Getting an accurate measurement

Measure the inside diameter and the liquid height for a true capacity. Keep every measurement in the same system, and let the tool convert between units for you.

What people work out next

To save you a second search, here are the related answers people most often want straight after this calculation:

What about a tank lying on its side?

Upright tanks fill evenly; horizontal ones do not. If your tank is on its side, switch to the horizontal-tank mode so a dip depth is converted correctly rather than treated as a simple fraction.

How full is the tank right now?

Enter the current liquid height and the calculator shows the volume held, the full capacity and the percentage full, so you can decide at a glance whether a delivery is needed.

How much will it take to fill?

The result lists the empty space remaining in your chosen unit, and that is exactly how much you need to order to bring the tank up to the height you entered as full.

Is this the usable capacity?

It is the geometric capacity from your inside dimensions. Real usable volume is a little lower once you allow for the outlet height, fittings and the headspace left at the top.

What to watch out for

Keep two things straight: inside dimensions for a true capacity, and liquid height rather than tank height for how much is in there now. The full-capacity number is an upper bound, not the usable volume.

Getting the number in the unit you need

One number, many units. Whatever you enter, the result lists the same volume as litres, US gallons, Imperial gallons, millilitres, cubic centimetres, cubic inches, cubic feet, cubic yards and cubic metres at the same time. You almost never have to convert by hand: read the figure in the unit your job uses and copy any of the others straight from the breakdown. If you need a shareable version, the copy-link button preserves your exact inputs so a colleague opens the page with the same calculation already filled in.

Keep going

Once you have your answer you may also want to work in gallons horizontal tank litres & liters. These related calculators pick up where this one leaves off:

Common uses

A few of the jobs it gets used for:

  • Reading how full a vertical storage tank is
  • Ordering the right delivery to top a tank up
  • Monitoring a chemical or water tank on site
  • Planning irrigation storage on a farm

To sum up, the whole job is two measurements and one formula. Enter them above, pick your unit, and you have an accurate figure plus every equivalent unit beside it. Keep a copy with the copy-result button, save the shareable link if someone else needs the same numbers, and use the history panel to compare a few options without starting from scratch.

Frequently asked questions

Does this work for a tank or a pipe?
Yes. A solid tank uses the standard mode; for a pipe or tube use the hollow mode, which subtracts the bore. For a tank on its side, use the horizontal mode.
How do I calculate the volume of a cylindrical tank?
For an upright tank, use V = π r² h with the inside radius and the liquid height. The calculator also shows full capacity and the space left empty.
How do I find how full my tank is?
Enter the tank's inside diameter and the current liquid height. The tool returns the liquid volume, the full capacity and the fill percentage.
Should I measure inside or outside?
Measure the inside dimensions for capacity — the wall takes up space that liquid cannot. Outside measurements slightly overstate how much a tank holds.
What is the formula for the volume of a cylinder?
The volume is V = π r² h — the area of the circular base (π r²) multiplied by the height (h). If you have the diameter instead of the radius, halve it first: r = d ÷ 2.
Do I use radius or diameter?
Either — just tell the calculator which you are entering. The radius is from the centre to the edge; the diameter is the full width across. The tool converts diameter to radius automatically.

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